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Application and development of modern long-span space structures in China

Shilin DONG, Yang ZHAO, Dong XING

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第3期页码 224-239 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0166-6

摘要： Modern long-span space structures, developed during the 1970s and 1980s, are light and effective structures based on new technologies and light-weight high-strength materials, such as membranes and steel cables. These structures include air-supported membrane structures, cable-membrane structures, cable truss structures, beam string structures, suspen-domes, cable domes, composite structures of cable dome and single-layer lattice shell, Tensairity structures and so forth. For the premodern space structures widely used since the mid-twentieth century (such as thin shells, space trusses, lattice shells and ordinary cable structures), new space structures have been developed by the combination of different structural forms and materials. The application of prestressing technology and the innovation of structural concepts and configurations are also associated with modern space structures, including composite space trusses, open-web grid structures, polyhedron space frame structures, partial double-layer lattice shells, cable-stayed grid structures, tree-type structures, prestressed segmental steel structures and so forth. This paper provides a review of the structural characteristics and practical applications in China of modern rigid space structures, modern flexible space structures and modern rigid-flexible combined space structures.

关键词： modern long-span space structures rigid space structures flexible space structures rigid-flexible combined space structures application and development

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Numerical simulation of multi-body floating piers to investigate pontoon stability

Mostafa Shahrabi, Khosrow Bargi

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第3期页码 325-331 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0209-7

摘要： The objective of this study is to develop a procedure to analyze the motions of a floating pier comprised of several pontoons that are modeled as rigid bodies and connected to each other by flexible and rigid connectors. Recently, the use offloating piers has increased because of their advantages, such as faster and higher-quality construction, seismic force isolation for a full-scale mooring system, low dependence on local soil conditions and tides, ability to relocate or reconfigure the pier modules during the operation period and 75-100 years of repair-free service. A floating pier consists of a pier, access bridge, mooring system and fender system, each of which comes in many variations to suit different usages and construction considerations. The typical loads used in the design of these piers are dead loads, live loads, mooring loads, fender loads and environmental loads induced by wind, currents and waves. For numerical simulation, three types of piers are used: passenger piers, light-cargo piers and semi-heavy-cargo piers. The selected piers consist of several large pontoons joined by pivots and have a pile-based mooring system. These piers are modeled by SAP2000software as two-dimensional frames that are linked together. As the first step, each type of pier is subjected to loading, and its general behavior is assessed. According to this behavior, the major load combinations are described for the design of piers and analyzed to determine the behavior of the modules. Lastly, according to the analysis results and the safe use and stability considerations, such as the maximum draft and longitudinal gradient, the dimensions of each module in each pier type are presented.

关键词： coastal structures numerical simulation floating pier rigid pontoons stability

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现代空间结构与奥运场馆建设

沈世钊

《中国工程科学》 2008年第10卷第8期页码 12-21

摘要：

介绍了2008年北京奥运场馆的总体建设情况，结合一些具有代表性的场馆，对其新颖独特的建筑造型、先进的结构体系以及在设计、材料、施工和监测等方面所采用的大量自主创新技术进行了重点探讨。通过对一些具有经典意义的奥运建筑进行回顾，指出它们的共性特点是：新颖的建筑造型、创新的结构形式与建筑功能的统一；符合建筑技术（包括材料、构造、施工安装技术等）的发展方向，推动了技术的进步。比照这些优秀奥运建筑，有理由相信2008年北京奥运场馆中的一些杰出代表建筑，将有条件成为这一行列的新成员。

关键词：现代空间结构奥运建筑设计理念技术创新

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中国空间可展开结构——进展与趋势

马小飞, 李团结, 马静雅, 王治易, 史创, 郑士昆, 崔琦峰, 李潇, 刘凡, 郭宏伟, 刘立武, 王作为, 李洋

《工程（英文）》 2022年第17卷第10期页码 207-219 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.04.013

摘要：

可展开空间结构技术是一种实现航天器结构构型的方法，尤其是用于具有展开和折叠功能的空间结构。进入轨道后，空间结构从整流罩中释放、展开并定位。随着通信、遥感和导航卫星技术的发展，空间可展开结构已经成为空间科学和技术的前沿研究课题。本文总结了中国空间可展开结构的研究现状和发展趋势，包括：空间大型网状天线、空间太阳翼、深空探测用可展开结构等。从可展开机构设计、索膜结构找形方法、动力学分析、可靠性的环境适应性分析和验证等角度阐述了空间可展开结构的关键技术。最后，阐明了网状天线、太阳翼、可展开机构以及在轨调整、组装和建造等领域的未来技术发展和趋势。

关键词：空间可展开结构，网状天线，太阳翼，深空探测

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Shape control of multi-cellular inflatable panels

N. KATAYAMA, K. ISHIMURA, K. MINESUGI, DANIEL J. INMAN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第8卷第3期页码 276-282 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0267-5

摘要：

Multi-cellular inflatable structures are ultra-light and robust against membrane damage such as pinholes caused by space debris. Due to their robustness, inflatable structures supported by inner gases can be applied as space structures. In the present study, shape control for a simple multi-cellular inflatable panel was achieved via a novel diaphragm mechanism. When the bending actuator in a center membrane bends, the inner pressures of sub-cells become different, and the diaphragm mechanism bends as a whole. Because a sliding component is not included, this deformable system is a reliable mechanism. In addition, the proposed mechanism has higher rigidity than that of a bending actuator used alone. In the present paper, we investigate the feasibility of a novel diaphragm mechanism and its characteristics using experimental and numerical results.

关键词： Membrane structures inflatable structure shape control smart structures structural mechanics space engineering

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numerical simulation on compressive buckling behavior of thin steel skins in unilateral contact with rigid

Nicholas KEAGE, Christopher MAIOLO, Rebecca PIEROTTI, Xing MA

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第3期页码 335-343 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0121-y

摘要： In this paper, a practical test and finite element analysis has been undertaken to further investigate the effects of contact buckling. A test rig was designed and constructed to record vertical and transverse deflections of compressively loaded steel skin plates. The boundary conditions were modeled as fully fixed. A finite element analysis was also undertaken using the software package Strand7. Results from both analyses have been examined and compared to data established from previous studies on contact buckling. Both the finite element analysis and practical results correlate well with this data. The result of the investigation has confirmed contact buckling theories and has foreshadowed the onset of the newly observed phenomenon of secondary contact buckling.

关键词： compressive buckling thin steel skins unilateral contact rigid constraints

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Fundamental buckling of circular plates with elastically restrained edges and resting on concentric rigid

Lokavarapu Bhaskara Rao, Chellapilla Kameswara Rao

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第8卷第3期页码 291-297 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0255-9

摘要：

This work presents the existence of buckling mode switching with respect to the radius of concentric rigid ring support. The buckling mode may not be axisymmetric as previously assumed. In general, the plate may buckle in an axisymmetric mode but when the radius of the ring support becomes small, the plate may buckle in an asymmetric mode. The optimum radius of the concentric rigid ring support for maximum buckling load is also determined. Introducing internal rigid ring support, when placed at an optimal position increases the elastic buckling load capacity by 149.39 percent. The numerical results obtained are in good agreement with the previously published data.

关键词： buckling circular plate elastically restrained edge rigid ring support mode switching

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Finite element modeling of environmental effects on rigid pavement deformation

Sunghwan KIM,Halil CEYLAN,Kasthurirangan GOPALAKRISHNAN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第2期页码 101-114 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0254-x

摘要： In this study, finite element (FE)-based primary pavement response models are employed for investigating the early-age deformation characteristics of jointed plain concrete pavements (JPCP) under environmental effects. The FE-based ISLAB (two-and-one-half-dimensional) and EverFE (three-dimensional) software were used to conduct the response analysis. Sensitivity analyses of input parameters used in ISLAB and EverFE were conducted based on field and laboratory test data collected from instrumented pavements on highway US-34 near Burlington, Iowa. Based on the combination of input parameters and equivalent temperatures established from preliminary studies, FE analyses were performed and compared with the field measurements. Comparisons between field measured and computed deformations showed that both FE programs could produce reasonably accurate estimates of actual slab deformations due to environmental effects using the equivalent temperature difference concept.

关键词： jointed plain concrete pavements (JPCP) curling and warping sensitivity analyses rigid pavement analysis and design finite element analysis (FEA)

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Modeling of semi-rigid beam-to-column steel joints under extreme loading

C FANG, B A IZZUDDIN, A Y ELGHAZOULI, D A NETHERCOT

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第3期页码 245-263 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0215-9

摘要： Joints play an important role in providing ductility for steel-composite structures subject to extreme loading conditions, such as blast, fire and impact. Due to sound energy dissipation capability and fabrication efficiency, semi-rigid joints have increasingly received attention during the last decade. This paper presents a component approach for modeling semi-rigid beam-to-column joints based on Eurocode3, where the post-elastic response, including component strain hardening and ultimate rotational capacity, is also considered. Failure criteria are defined based on the ultimate deformation capacity of components and bolt-rows. The model enables a direct integration of joint response into global frame models with the consideration of axial deformability, such that the interaction between bending moment and axial force within the joints can be realistically captured. In addition, elevated temperature can be considered in the joint model via the degradation of the component response. Through comparisons with available test data, the joint model is shown to have good accuracy, and the failure criteria are found to be reliable yet conservative. The strain hardening response of components is shown to have significant influence on the ultimate bending capacity of the joints, while neglecting it usually leads to a conservative prediction.

关键词： semi-rigid joint component method ductility elevated temperature

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Phenolic rigid organic filler/isotactic polypropylene composites. III. Impact resistance property

Heming LIN, Dongming QI, Jian HAN, Zhiqi CAI, Minghua WU

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第2期页码 176-181 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0203-8

摘要： A novel phenolic rigid organic filler (KT) was used to modify isotactic polypropylene (iPP). The influence of KT particles on the impact resistance property of PP/KT specimens (with similar interparticles distance, 1.8 μm) was studied by notched izod impact tests. It was found that the brittle-ductile transition (BDT) of the PP/KT microcomposites took place at the filler content of about 4%, and the impact strength attains the maximum at 5% (with filler particles size of 1.5 μm), which is about 2.5 times that of unfilled iPP specimens. The impact fracture morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). For the PP/KT specimens and the high-density polyethylene/KT (HDPE/KT) specimens in ductile fracture mode, many microfibers could be found on the whole impact fracture surface. It was the filler particles that induced the plastic deformation of interparticles ligament and hence improved the capability of iPP matrix on absorbing impact energy dramatically. The determinants on the BDT were further discussed on the basis of stress concentration and debonding resistance. It can be concluded that aside from the interparticle distance, the filler particles size also plays an important role in semicrystalline polymer toughening.

关键词： rigid organic filler polypropylene impact resistance

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Structural optimization of typical rigid links in a parallel kinematic machine

Xinjun LIU, Zhidong LI, Xiang CHEN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第6卷第3期页码 344-353 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0227-x

摘要：

The motion dynamics and accuracy of parallel kinematic machines largely depend on the weights and rigidity of typical rigid links. Therefore, these parts should be designed in such a way that they are light but rigid. This work employs the techniques of topology and size optimization to design two typical rigid links of a parallel kinematic machine (PKM) and subsequently obtains applicable structures for them. The calculation models are established, and a new algorithm called the Guide-Weight method is introduced to solve topology optimization problems. The commercial software Ansys is used to perform size optimization.

关键词： topology optimization size optimization parallel kinematic machine (PKM)

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Dispersion of a novel phenolic rigid organic filler in isotactic polypropylene matrix by solution-mixing

Dongming QI, Xiaoli ZHAO, Zhijie CHEN, Peng HUANG, Jun CAO

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第4期页码 395-402 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1269-2

摘要： A novel phenolic rigid organic filler (named KD) with a high melting point was dispersed in an isotactic polypropylene (iPP) matrix by solution-mixing and/or melt-mixing. A series of KD/iPP blends was prepared with or without addition of maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (MAPP) as a compatibilizer. Influences of MAPP and mixing methods on the filler dispersion were studied using polaried optical microscope (POM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and tensile test. The filler particles are always inclined to form large irregular aggregates in the iPP matrix due to their significant differences in polarity and solubility in solvent. However, an iPP/MAPP/KD (PMK) blend containing filler particles with a quasi-spherical shape (~97.8 nm in diameter) and narrow particle size distribution (polydispersity index= 1.076) was successfully prepared by incorporating MAPP to reduce the interfacial tension and surface free energy between the dispersion phase and the continuous phase, and adopting a spray-drying method after solution-mixing to suppress the increase of the size of the dispersed phase during the removal of solvent.

关键词： dispersion rigid organic filler isotactic polypropylene mixing

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Study on rigid-flexible coupling dynamics of hub-plate system

ZHAO Feiyun, XIE Yongcheng, ZHANG Ming, HE Yinbiao

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第2期页码 181-188 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0023-9

摘要： Dynamic modeling of a rotating flexible hub-plate system is investigated by using Jourdain s variation principle in which the finite element method (FEM) is used as discretization method for a flexible plate. Different from the previous modeling of a plate with a prescribed large overall motion, the coupling between large overall motion of the system and elastic deformation of the flexible plate is taken into account in the proposed coupling model. The quadratic terms are included in the strain-displacement expression, such that the dynamic stiffening terms are included. Simulation of a rotating hub-plate system indicates that the linear model based on linear strain-displacement assumption may lead to erroneous results in the case of high rotation speed. Conservation of energy verifies the validity of the proposed model. Furthermore, frequency analysis of a hub-plate system shows the difference between the frequencies of the system with free and prescribed large overall motion, and parameter analysis of the system reveals the coupling characteristics of the rotational motion and the deformation.

关键词： discretization erroneous Furthermore Different Conservation

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Performance study on T-stub connected semi-rigid joint between rectangular tubular columns and H-shaped

Guochang LI, Hongping YU, Chen FANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第3期页码 296-303 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0217-7

摘要： This paper investigates the performance of T-stub connected semi-rigid joint of rectangular tubular columns and H-shaped steel beams. The finite element analysis software ABAQUS is used to analyze the nonlinear performance of the joint under monotonic loading. Meanwhile, the dimensions of T-stub, column and beam are considered as analytic parameters to discuss the performance of the joint. The analysis shows that the thickness and the length of T-stub webs, the height of beam section, bolt diameter, shear connector and the preloaded force affect the performance of the joint largely, and the thickness of the steel tube, the thickness and length of T-stub flange, bolt spacing have relatively little influences on the performance of the joint. The research results indicate that this joint is semi-rigid joint.

关键词： rectangular tubular columns T-stub semi-rigid nonlinear finite element analysis moment-rotation curves

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Phenolic rigid organic filler/isotactic polypropylene composites. II. Tensile properties

QI Dongming, SHAO Jianzhong, WU Minghua, NITTA Kohhei

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第4期页码 396-401 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0077-1

摘要： A novel phenolic rigid organic filler (KT) was used to modify isotactic polypropylene (iPP). The influence of KT particles on the tensile properties of PP/KT microcomposites was studied by uniaxial tensile test and the morphological structures of the stretched specimens were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and polarized optical microscopy (POM). We found that the Young’s modulus of PP/KT specimens increased with filler content, while the yield and break of the specimens are related to the filler particles size. The yield stress, the breaking stress and the ultimate elongation of PP/KT specimens were close to those of unfilled iPP specimens when the maximal filler particles size is less than a critical value, which is 7 ?m at a crosshead speed of 10 mm/min and 3 ?m at 200 mm/min, close to that of glass bead but far more than those of other rigid inorganic filler particles. The interfacial interaction was further estimated from yield stress, indicating that KT particles have a moderate interfacial interaction with iPP matrix. Thus, the incorporation of small KT particles can reinforce iPP matrix and simultaneously cause few detrimental effects on the other excellent tensile properties of iPP matrix, due to their organic nature, higher specific area, solid true-spherical shape and the homogenous dispersion of the ROF particles in microcomposites.

关键词： maximal uniaxial tensile unfilled excellent tensile influence